Author: Pedro Armada
Pedro Armada is the Managing Partner of Armada Risk Consulting, a boutique firm in Panama specializing in strategic intelligence, forecasting, and capital protection. With 15 years of international experience, he advises boards of directors and family offices on strategic decision-making in high-friction markets. Previously, he served as a Director at Nardello & Co., a leading strategic consulting and investigations firm, and led external risk management for the Global Procurement department of Teva Pharmaceuticals.
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The Panama Model: How Weak Institutions Become Weapons in the U.S.-China Competition
In February 2026, Panama expelled Hong Kong-based CK Hutchison from its ports after 29 years, seizing millions of dollars in assets under a presidential decree issued less than a month after the Supreme Court ruled the concession unconstitutional. Nearly one year earlier, Panama’s government began negotiations to ...
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The Paradox of Panama’s “Rule of Law”: Hutchison Ports vs. Minera Panama
In the wake of the forced transition at the ports of Balboa and Cristóbal, Panamanian Foreign Minister Javier Martínez-Acha sent a clear message to the international community: Panama is a country of legal certainty, and the government is "simply respecting a Supreme Court ruling" regarding the ouster ...
Panama and the New U.S. Strategy to Counter China in Latin America
The Panama Supreme Court’s ruling against Hutchison Ports in late January was not merely an isolated legal event; it was the successful proof-of-concept for a new geopolitical weapon. What appears on the surface to be a dispute over contracts from ...
Graph via Foreign Affairs, based on Arab Barometer data
Worry about the Trump administration’s decision-making is leading the public around the world to see China as an increasingly attractive counter-option. This is the main takeaway from three large public opinion polls released recently. The annual Gallup poll of 130 countries is the largest of ...
The Panama Model: How Weak Institutions Become Weapons in the U.S.-China Competition
In February 2026, Panama expelled Hong Kong-based CK Hutchison from its ports after 29 years, seizing millions of dollars in assets under a presidential decree issued less than a month after the Supreme Court ruled the concession unconstitutional. Nearly one year earlier, Panama’s government began negotiations to ...
The Paradox of Panama’s “Rule of Law”: Hutchison Ports vs. Minera Panama
In the wake of the forced transition at the ports of Balboa and Cristóbal, Panamanian Foreign Minister Javier Martínez-Acha sent a clear message to the international community: Panama is a country of legal certainty, and the government is "simply respecting a Supreme Court ruling" regarding the ouster ...
Panama and the New U.S. Strategy to Counter China in Latin America
The Panama Supreme Court’s ruling against Hutchison Ports in late January was not merely an isolated legal event; it was the successful proof-of-concept for a new geopolitical weapon. What appears on the surface to be a dispute over contracts from ...