Electric Vehicles’ Politically Charged Global Supply Chain

China’s Sunwoda Electronic in March 2025 is expanding its footprint in Southeast Asia’s electric vehicle EV industry with a $1 billion investment in Thailand.
A rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. China’s Sunwoda Electronic in March 2025 is expanding its footprint in Southeast Asia’s electric vehicle EV industry with a $1 billion investment in Thailand. (Photo: Ronny Hartmann / AFP)

As EVs become more popular, the politics to secure the resources necessary to power these vehicles are going to become a lot more complex. This is because of how globally dispersed the supply chains are for the key minerals and metals.

The United States and Europe are especially vulnerable, given China’s dominance in the extraction of some strategic resources like cobalt. More importantly, this dominance extends to the processing of those materials, a sector where Chinese companies often have 90+% market share.

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