As tensions between the United States and China steadily rise, a growing number of countries are feeling pressure to choose a side. The U.S., in particular, has warned countries that if they work too closely with China through loans, using Huawei equipment and so on, there could be consequences for future relations with Washington. While most African governments, except Zimbabwe, have done their best to try and maintain steady relations with both powers, some have struggled to find the right language that strikes a balance between their desire to maintain cordial ties with the U.S. and China while at the same time asserting their own national interest.

And that’s where Malaysia might provide an interesting case study for African diplomats to consider.