Japan unveiled a five-year goal on Saturday for business projects totalling $19 billion in Central Asia as Tokyo vies for influence in the resource-rich region.
The announcement came after Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi hosted an inaugural summit with the leaders of five Central Asian nations — Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan — in Tokyo.
Japan set a new target for business projects in Central Asia, totaling 3 trillion yen over 5 years, according to a joint statement after Takaichi concluded her meeting with the five leaders.
Like the United States and the European Union, Japan is drawn to the region’s enormous, but still mostly unexploited, natural resources in a push to diversify rare earths supplies and reduce dependence on China.
“It is important for Central Asia, blessed with abundant resources and energy sources, to expand its access to international markets,” the statement said.
The leaders agreed to promote cooperation that can help the “strengthening of critical minerals supply chains, while also pledging to achieve economic growth and decarbonisation.
They also held separate summits with Russia’s Vladimir Putin, China’s Xi Jinping, and EU chief Ursula von der Leyen this year.
The summit was seen as important for Japan to increase its presence in the region, said Tomohiko Uyama, a professor at Hokkaido University specialising in Central Asian politics.
“Natural resources have become a strong focus, particularly in the past year, because of China’s moves involving rare earths,” Uyama told AFP on Friday, referring to tight export controls introduced by Beijing this year.
The leaders agreed on Saturday to expand cooperation regarding the “Trans-Caspian International Transport Route”, a logistics network connecting to Europe without passing through Russia.
Efforts towards “safe, secure, and trustworthy Artificial Intelligence” were also agreed.
Tokyo has long encouraged Japanese businesses to invest in the region, although they remain cautious.
Xi visited Astana in June, and China — which shares borders with Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan — has presented itself as a main commercial partner, investing in huge infrastructure projects.
The former Soviet republics still see Moscow as a strategic partner but have been spooked by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
Other than rare earths, Kazakhstan is the world’s largest uranium producer, Uzbekistan has giant gold reserves and Turkmenistan is rich in gas. Mountainous Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are also opening up new mineral deposits.
However, exploiting those reserves remains challenging in the harsh, remote terrain of impoverished states.
